The Olympic Games Essay Example for Free

The Olympic Games Essay Presentation: The Olympic Games is one of the most punctual Pan-Hellenic celebration just as its advanced restoration. The Games as held today, is the biggest grandstand and rivalry of the world’s best athletic abilities and sportsmanship. It exemplifies and advances patriotism, governmental issues and trade among contending countries. The meeting up for cooperation advances solidarity among countries while national pride maintains the serious soul. The presence of such restricting components during Olympic Games can be discovered today as well as be followed during its initial forms. Their high perfect, instead of corporate greed and legislative issues has been watched even from its old festivals. The inception of the early games is dark yet the date of the principal celebration is generally 776 B.C. at Olympia. This was the year from which the Greeks dated their order in Olympiads and about that year that Homer was conceived. From that point, the celebration was held in quadrennials in festivity of each new Olympiad (or each following four years). The merriments were firmly related with strict ceremonies however it additionally incorporates athletic challenges, rhetoric, music, verse, and other works of art. It was during the late nineteenth century that the Olympic Games were restored as a worldwide athletic challenge, holding the standards of the first Olympian celebration and a portion of the occasions in its altered structure. Despite the fact that its underlying recovery was fruitful, it was not saved from a couple of obstacles. Throughout the years, the Games kept on pulling in global members. Around 203 nations are currently associated with the Olympics, when contrasted with 14 taking part nations route in 1896. The current quantities of taking an interest nations are especially higher than the perceived 193 nations by the United Nations. Reason of which originates from the International Olympic Committee’s guidelines, which permits countries that had not been properly perceived by the United Nations to take part and contend. Thus, settlements of other part country are permitted to arrange their own Olympic groups and make portrayals despite the fact that their competitors hold a similar citizenship of another contending country. Taiwan for instance, used to contend as â€Å"Republic of China†, causing strife with the People’s Republic of China, which would not take an interest until 1980. Taiwan from that point, rivaled the official name â€Å"Chinese Taipei†. Indeed, the following Olympic Games will be held in 2008 at Beijing. China is presently occupied in its arrangement as 2008 Olympics have. Nations competing to have the Games need to oblige enormous quantities of competitors, vacationers, and columnists. The development of the quantity of individuals associated with the Games’ festivity is one of the significant worries that coordinators ceaselessly face. All things considered, the Olympics are one of the most anticipated and famous significant world occasions today. Antiquated Olympics: As the world looks on with expectation as the years move ever closer (extraordinary groundwork) for the happening to the following Olympic games, one can't yet assist with thinking once more from its birthplace. Regardless of its prevalence, its old starting points had been covered in lack of clarity. The old merriments are very extraordinary contrasted with the advanced form of the Games. It had lesser number of occasions to contend on.â Foremost measures for competitors are being able to communicate in Greek, and that solitary free men were permitted to compete.â â Olympia is the official site of each merriment of the antiquated Olympic Games, rather than the current practice wherein has nations contrast from each festival. In spite of the acknowledged custom that 776 B.C. denoted the primary Olympiad, it appears to be sensibly sure that the Olympic Games were established preceding that time. Yet, there are different anecdotes about the cause of the Olympics. It is plausible that the Olympian celebration created from the custom of holding athletic challenges to pay tribute to a divine being or dead legend. Some accepted that the Games may have been firmly connected with burial service ceremonies, for example, those at the memorial service of Patroclus, as depicted by Homer in the Iliad. Achilles, Patroclus’ closest companion, held games forâ â Patroclus’ respect as a major aspect of the burial service. It included boxing, wrestling, a chariot race, and footrace. Afterward, they may have been held at normal stretches to respect all who had passed on inside that period. As indicated by the artist Pindar, in the fifteenth century B.C., Heracles founded the Olympic Games as a festival for his triumph over Elis and slaughtering King Augeas. Another legend has it that when discord desolated Greece, Iphitus was requested by a prophet to reestablish the Games. Pausanias, a Greek voyager, recounts a bronze work area in the Heraeum at Olympia, engraved in the standards of the Games and with the names of Lycurgus and Iphitus. Pausanias likewise relates that as indicated by antiquated documents of the individuals of Elis, the Game’s author was credited to Idean Heracles and was liable for giving the name to the Olympian challenges. The Games began when he provoked his siblings to a footrace at Olympia. Another record, as indicated by Pausinias, relates that Zeus himself started the primary Olympiad when he fought with his dad Cronus for the power of paradise and control of the world; and that Zeus declared the Games after his triumph. Another legend expresses that the Games was built up after the Greek saint Pelops won against King Oenomaus in a chariot race in an offer to wed Oenomaus’ little girl, Hippodamia. Despite the fact that it is questionable with regards to who is really liable for the commencement of the Games, Olympia had consistently been the predictable site where the Games’ occasions were held. This isn't unexpected since even before 776 B.C., Olympia had been the site of faction love for Zeus. It is situated a long way from human homes, grandly ignored by a slope, and the River Alph moving through it (a stream thought about consecrated by the Greeks). It was held in midsummer at Olympia in the northwest piece of the Peloponnesus where an arena and a sanctuary to Zeus were based on the eastern and northern banks of the waterways Alpheus and Claudeus. During the Hellenic time this asylum turned into the image of the Greek’s dedication to physical excellence and the preparation of brain and body to the most elevated condition of coordination. The old Olympics had four sorts of races. First sort of race expects sprinters to run the full length of the arena, around 192 meters in length. This is known as a STADION. The subsequent kind is known as a 2-STADE race, around 384 meters. At that point there were races, which involve its rivals to run wearing defensive layer in 2 or 4-STADE. It is acceptable to take note of that a standard protection as of now could weigh as much as 50 to 60 lbs. In spite of the fact that this may appear to be ludicrous for present day gauges, however the Greeks were especially worried about improving its odds over fights. Greeks have utilized the Games as a chance to help manufacture the speed and continuance among its men when they are called to render military assistance (â€Å"Ancient Olympic Games†). By 724 B.C., diaulos was presented. Afterward, the dolichos was included which require 12 laps. Maybe one of the significant purposes behind accentuating running in the occasions could likewise be identified with the Greek’s thought that phenomenal warriors have great speed and endurance. An all-power race, called Pancreaton, consolidates a wide range of physical assault. The gigantic significance of the Olympic Games dates from the 6th century B.C. at the point when Sparta achieved transcendence among the Greek states. From the outset Pisa, a city-state was in charge of the Olympic Games, however Elis, a neighboring city-state toward the North, had usurped control by 572 B.C. In time, Olympia turned into the focal point of an organization, and the Games started to accomplish a more than nearby noteworthiness. Ground-breaking Sparta framed a partnership with Elis; and along these lines it came about that Elis controlled the strict parts of the Olympic celebration, while Sparta was the authority â€Å"protector† of the Games, spreading its own popularity and eminence. It was the political boss, ordering and implementing the â€Å"sacred truce†, which in any event, during wars allowed Hellenes to originate from all pieces of Greece and the Greek states to contend in the incomparable Olympic Games. The Games came to establish the one worldwide bond that held through all wars and contrasts. From 776 toâ â 721 B.C., the rundown of the victors included just the names of Eleans and their neighbors. Afterward, Megarians, Corinthians, Athenians, and others show up as victors. Religion The old Olympics consistently had a strict component; not just that a legend considered Zeus as the initiator of the Games each celebration was held in his respect. In addition, Zeus was accepted to have a hand over the consequences of the Games: those he supported were accepted to turn into the victors while competitors who didn't will ever get any opportunities for winning on the opposition. Pindar’s triumph tribute credits triumph among champions to their gifts and through the inconspicuous impact of the divine beings. Cheating and pay off were not outsider even those early occasions, thus those that were gotten were fined. The cash goes for building ventures, for example, a religion sculpture of their main god, Zeus. Amazing festival in Zeus respect is done all through the Games. The individuals would offer penances and Zeus is appealed to keep off flies from the meat, Zeus being considered the â€Å"averter of flies†. While consumed contributions were given, the sanctuary minister would look at the penances. The minister articulates extraordinary prophets in Zeus respect and keeps on giving equivocal expectation of the what might be on the horizon. Competitors base their odds of prevailing upon the opposition through these prophets. As a declaration of the Greek’s thought, the Olympic games kept on flourishing as a Pan-Hellenic foundation. While it would appear to be inaccessible

Aircraft Flight Control System - Design and Performance

Question: Examine about theAircraft Flight Control System, Design and Performance. Answer: Presentation An airplane flight control framework is a framework that comprises of an assortment of both electronic and mechanical hardware that causes an airplane to be flown noticeable all around reliably and in a safe way. It includes essential and optional systems(Cook 135). Essential Control Systems An essential framework incorporates lift, rudder, and ailerons that are answerable for the safeness of the airplane during flight. The lift additionally alluded to as lift is precisely connected to the control segment situated on the flight deck and chiefly changes the pitch demeanor of an airplane. The rudder is an adaptable surface associated with balance, or the vertical stabilizer which is a fixed surface along these lines helps in controlling the airplane development about its opposite pivot. The viability of the rudder speeds up consequently for an ideal response slight redirections at high speed and high avoidances at lower speed might be necessary(Filippone 375). The ailerons move inverse way from one another because of their connection on the outside trailing edge of each wing. They divert upwardly or downwardly and are associated with the control wheel by links, pulleys and chime wrenches. The ailerons primarily control the move about the longitudinal hub. The development of the essential control frameworks changes the progression of air and weight circulation over and around the air foil in this way influencing the lift and drag powers made via airfoil and control surface mix. Thus allowing the pilot to control the plane about its rotational tomahawks (Harris 511). Auxiliary Control Systems The auxiliary frameworks incorporate wing folds, spoilers, trim framework and driving edge gadgets which build up the presentation qualities of the airplane and thusly soothing the pilot from an excessive amount of control powers. The folds increment lift and drag powers by making collaboration between the high cruising speed and the low arrival speed. The spoilers are introduced in the wings to intrude on the smooth progression of air and subsequently to expand the drag power as it decreases the lift. Airplane flight can likewise be electrically controlled whereby a PC framework is intervened between a definitive control actuators and the administrator, and the flight control developments are changed over to electronic signs that are passed on by wires. This framework changes the manual contribution of the pilot about control parameters(Hoppe 341). Once in a while the electrical wires are supplanted by optical fiber links which can move signals at a higher rate. In addition, there is additionally an astute flight arrangement of controlling airplane that plans to remunerate plane harm or disappointment during flight. Research Method The examination technique used to concoct this report is an unadulterated essential research strategy that is exploratory and hypothetical based. Its desire in this setting is the progression of information in the aeronautical strategies, related advancements and programming and equipment segments in the control arrangement of an airplane. New thoughts that might be applied in future can likewise be generated(John 144). Logical Principles Applied They incorporate the components that must be guaranteed to keep up an airplane in flight. They incorporate lift of the plane, drive of the plane and finally its soundness. When all is said in done, these standards incorporate the powers that are following up on the plane and the ones that should be created in order to counter them. They incorporate; Lift and Weight The gravitational power consistently will in general force protests downwards. Along these lines a vertical power will be required to be delivered in order to keep the plane in trip at a consistent tallness. This is the lift power and its produced by the progression of air around the wings of the plane. The plane shows a smoothed out shape hence as indicated by the rule of Bernoulli the plane encounters higher speeds on the upper piece of its wings making the weight unequivocally decline on the upper part delivering an upward power known as lift which assists with keeping the heaviness of the plane in balance(McClamroch 406). Drag and Thrust The air that moves around the body of the plane applies some power of grinding which expands as the speed of the plane increments. This power of erosion is known as the drag power and will in general restrict the development of the plane subsequently must be made up for to keep the plane in flight. In this way pushed power gave by the motor assists with dealing with this and keep the plane in consistent impetus Strength A plane is steady when the couples around its focal point of gravity and the resultant powers in the flight are zero. The strength will in this way be kept up by the ailerons, rudder and level stabilizers. The ailerons demonstration in restriction in that when the left-hand side aileron is lifted the right-hand side drops therefore empowering control of the development of the roll. The rudder assists with controlling the development of the yaw consequently keeping the nose of the plane from moving left to right and guaranteeing the soundness of the plane(Tischler 621). The flat stabilizers control pitching of the plane keeping it from pivoting its Center of gravity; a circumstance whereby the nose moves upwards and base word. End Dependable, reasonable and safe air transportation is urgent to the personal satisfaction and the development of an economy. The control arrangement of an airplane, hence, stays an extreme focal point as it welcomes worries on security and protections of travelers. To accomplish the flight teacher preparing, normalization of the structure of flight deck hardware and pilot to steer correspondence ought to be focused. Accordingly notwithstanding the essential and optional frameworks of flight control, a versatile robotization framework ought to be increasingly worried in all planes as they realize elite when joined with the administrator instead of the administrator alone(Yechout 314). In spite of the fact that it will in general endanger the manual abilities of the administrator, it remains the best other option and entirely dependable since in the projections of crisis the response of the administrator is more slow when contrasted with a mechanized framework. With the proceeded with advancement of innovation, the worldwide transportation structure would be supported by the presentation of supersonic flight. Work Cited Cook, Michael V. Flight Dynamics Principles. London: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2012. Filippone, Antonio. Flight Performance of Fixed and Rotary Wing Aircraft. Chicago: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2007. Harris, Professor Don. Human Performance on the Flight Deck. Structure: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd, 2012. Hoppe, Stephen G. Stephen G. Hoppe. Washington Dc: A practicality investigation of self-learning versatile flight control for elite airplane, 2012. John, Miner. Manual Reversion Flight Control System for A-10 Aircraft. Beijing: Defense Technical Information Center, 2014. McClamroch, N. Harris. Consistent Aircraft Flight and Performance. London: Princeton University Press, 2013. Tischler, M B. Advances In Aircraft Flight Control. New York: CRC Press, 2015. Yechout, Thomas R. Prologue to Aircraft Flight Mechanics. Manchester: AIAA, 2013.

The Journey So Far

The Journey So Far Completing junior year felt like an accomplishment. Unlike the first two years, I felt that my post-college life was coming into focus. It was a year for trying new things and finding what works. While failure became another method of learning, success seemed like elusive virtue. My first three years share many of the same themes though. One of those major themes is learning. No matter what Ive been involved in throughout college, there have been lessons worth learning and times to test out what Ive learned. I have discovered much more about who I am, what I want, what I dont want and what I want to put my time and energy into. Even as Im writing this though, I am still learning, and will always continue to. Entering the University of Illinois, you might wonder whats gonna change about your life. The answer is everything, and thats OK. When you embrace the possibility of how anything can change your prospective and give you new tools for life, you are expanding your opportunities. Life is often unexpected. Many times, you will find that its impossible to totally plan out the future. College will be no different from the rest of life, its all about how you react to each situation. You may find that your planned major just isnt the one for you. It may end up that you meet your future partner here. You may meet a group of people and invent the next great thing in your freshman year residence hall. Or, maybe youll spend your four years working towards the career youve been dreaming of forever. This is why you must be patient and pay attention to the signs of what works. When you find the right things, youll know it. Your experiences with what didnt work will be the perfect comparison to what youre doing now. Success is just a concept, and you define it. When you step onto the University of Illinois campus in the fall, realize your next four years will test you and then build you. Let your journey begin with the mindset that nothing will ever be perfect, but that you are doing the things you feel right about. Let there never be a question that seems too worthless, or a goal that seems too lofty. What you expect from everything youll do here is also what youll get out of it. Its a direct correlation that will always work in your favor. Just like your journey is just beginning, mine feels like its just coming into focus. What I love and appreciate most feels more immediate than ever before. With each class, internship, and day spent walking the sidewalks of our beautiful campus, I am learning what works and what doesnt. I am forever grateful for what has happened. The good, the bad and the unavoidable. These four years arent just a time for more education, they are helping to build the story of who I am. Jacob Class of 2019 I’m an Advertising student within the College of Media. My hometown is a place called Fairmount, Illinois, which is about 30 minutes from campus. I began my Illinois journey in the Division of General Studies.

The American Revolution - 1542 Words

In the event of the American Revolution, the general feeling of the colonists can be understood by reviewing the acts of the British Parliament, and how it affected the british subjects across the Atlantic. While some argue the actions taken by American Patriots were completely radical, one can understand that, while this is truly an unprecedented event, it is also quite justifiable. The 7 Years War caused the British to place levies on its colonies, but failed to do so in a manner that appealed to its subjects. In opposition, Americans reared up and acted with utter disdain towards its head of state, and went out of its way to pull away and form its own government, a movement never before witnessed by subjects of the British Empire, Following the French and Indian War, Britain, in order to finance debts, enforced certain acts on the colonies. Among these included the Proclamation Act of 1763, Sugar Act, Stamp Act, Quartering Act, and Declaratory Act. In the Proclamation Act, King Ge orge III felt weary of the cost of protecting colonists from skirmishes with the Native Americans, and prohibited any westward colonisation into the newly acquired lands past the Appalachians Mountains. The Colonists felt this was unfair, as they had done much of the fighting in the war that gained them the new lands, and were now forced to avoid them. Mad at their government, they argued they should be provided protection and the fact that they were not receiving it created a feeling ofShow MoreRelatedThe American Revolution : The Revolution1367 Words   |  6 PagesThe American Revolution Revolutionizes the World It was the first revolution to majorly succeed and change how people saw their countries, it was the American Revolution. The American Revolution was the first successful revolution against a European empire that provided a model for many other colonial peoples who realized that they too could break away and become self-governing nations (New world Encyclopedia, 1).The American Revolution was vital to history because ideas seen by other countries startedRead MoreThe Revolution Of The American Revolution999 Words   |  4 PagesBetween 1770 and 1776, resistance to imperial change turned into a full-on revolution. The American Revolution, also known as the Revolutionary War, was a time of revolting and political uprising, in which the 13 colonies separated from the British Empire, forming the independent nation known as the United States of America. 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One way is that the colonists that had money and were known as the elite were trying to preserve their power from the British and this is what caused the revolutionary war. Then on the other hand bef ore the revolutionary war occurred when the colonists were being over controlled by the British, then in result of the American Revolution the colonists were able to win against the British and become strongerRead MoreThe Revolution Of The American Revolution1582 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The revolution was effected before the war commenced. The revolution was in the minds and hearts of the people.† - John Adams, 1818 This quote means that the revolution actually took place metaphorically before the actually fighting began. It took place in the emotions and thoughts of the Americans. The Road to Revolution After the Seven Years’ War created a financial problem for Britain The British tried to shoulder some of the financial responsibilities onto the Americas in the form of variousRead MoreThe Revolution Of The American Revolution850 Words   |  4 PagesIn regards to the American Revolution, the point that armed rebellion became inevitable arrived when after nearly five constant years of American colonist protesting. American s had enough and needed to take a stand for the numerous inequalities they were forced to deal with. It was foreseeable that the American Revolution took place due to the unfair taxes that the British were giving Americans. Also, England was not allowing Americans their freedom, along with violence and the political dominanceRead MoreThe American Revolution. 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The upheaval was a primitive modern revolution in which generality traversed for liberty in the statute of law, constitutional privilege and supremacy. Ensuing years of contentionRead MoreThe American Revolution889 Words   |  4 PagesThe American Revolution was one of the most vital events in American History lasting form 1775 to 1783, it effected the nation socially, economically and politically. The American Revolution brought upon many changes in America, and freedom of the nation. The Revolutionary War was a stepping stone to what we are as a nation today, it created both short and long-term effects on the world. When wanting to blame a certain side, the British politicians or the American agitators, several key points leadRead MoreThe American Revolution993 Words   |  4 PagesThe topic of the American Revolution is a topic that has been discussed on multiple levels and is extremely well-known, especially within the United States. The details are a little on the generic and basic side but it is at least understood on some level. Most people are aware of the American standpoint, the what, why, how, and when , but there is much more depth to what occurred. The war was obviously between the Americas and the Mother country of Britain, but there were more than just those two

Ethical Dilemmas And The Ethical Dilemma - 1778 Words

Ethical dilemmas occur when there is a disagreement about a situation and all parties involved question how they should behave based on their individual ethical morals. (Newman Pollnitz, 2005). The dilemma that I will be addressing in this essay involves Michael, recently employed male educator working in the nursery, and parents of a baby enrolled at the centre. The parents have raised concerns about male educators changing their child’s nappy as they have cultural practices that do not allow this practice to take place. This situation is classed as an ethical dilemma as there is a dispute between cultural beliefs and legal requirements within the workplace. There are four parties involved (parents, child, educator and director), all†¦show more content†¦This will allow the parents and child to feel a sense of belonging in the child care centre. Element 6.1, quality area 6 of the National Quality Standards (NQS) outlines the importance of relationships in regard to the parents, their child/children and educators. (Australian Children’s Education Care Quality Authority [ACECQA], n.d.). Michael has considered the families cultural beliefs and has decided to remain respectful of their request, but is concerned about his rights concerning gender discrimination (Australian Human Rights Commission, n.d.). Michael has a right to retain his position in the nursery room regardless of the issue with nappy changes for this one child. To allow for minimal disruption and any further consequences, the situation is to be kept confidential. This is a short- term resolution. The situation should be monitored and there may be long-term issues if the parents fail to form a relationship with Michael. Therefore, this may result in Michael requesting a change of room in the future (Ethical group discussion, 2017). The resolution was reached through exploring the steps involved in the ERC. As a group, (each group member representing a person in the dilemma) we examined eight steps in the ERC. Throughout each phase, the child’s primary best interests were considered by all parties. As the director progressed through the ERC, it became clear that both the parents and Michael have legal rights that need to be addressed.Show MoreRelatedEthical Dilemmas Of The Workplace1538 Words   |  7 Pages1. Discuss an ethical dilemma that you have had to face in the workplace. Ethical dilemmas often occur when a manager or an employee is faced with two or more conflicting choices. Give as many facts and details as possible in describing your dilemma. The most difficult ethical dilemma I have dealt with was a summer job I had this past summer, while I was working for a bakery in my hometown. This past particular summer really tested what I believe is right and wrong and how to speak up. 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Classical Analysis Free Essays

Alyssa Huskinson COMS 100B, Fall 2012 8 October 2012 Classical Analysis In an Absolut World Absolut vodka is based on 500 years of tradition originating in Sweden. Under the original name â€Å"Absolut rent branvin,† which means â€Å"absolutely pure vodka,† Absolut was introduced in the United States in 1979 and since has become one of the world’s most famous spirits. The advertisement campaign, In an Absolut World, was just another successful entry in the company’s advertising history, and Absolut advertising continues to be recognized as pure genius (cite). We will write a custom essay sample on Classical Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now The purpose of the In an Absolut World campaign was to convey the idea that Absolut is indeed in a world of its own. The campaign challenges customary view points by presenting a refreshing optimistic perspective of everyday life, in a world of its own. One specific artifact, called the â€Å"taxi† piece, illustrates a few people leaving a bar and having to navigate the aisles of persuasion by choosing which cab to take home (since, in this particular world there is a sea of taxis from which to choose). The question to be answered remains: what if everything in the â€Å"real† world was a little more â€Å"Absolut† and perfect? The message presented across the various examples within the campaign remains constant, as to reveal a work of art, for the audience to explore and communicate within the world of Absolut. Kenneth Burke (year) defined the rhetorical function of language as â€Å"a symbolic means of inducing cooperation in beings that by nature respond to symbols† (p. #). If this campaign sparks any response in beings, then according to Burke, in an Absolut/absolute world, the power of language is identification. This campaign visually indentifies the language of the text as being luminescent, while asking a question about what would happen if everything in the real world could be perfect. The allure of Absolut vodka captivates the audience by conveying a unique invitation to be a part of the Absolut World. With the inception of the Internet and increased availability, advertisements have the opportunity to influence society in a tremendous way. In these advertisements, â€Å"Drinkers are invited to imbibe ‘in an Absolut World,’ a fanciful, even surreal, place where common sense prevails and just deserts are always on the menu,† (Elliot, 2007, p. #). The advertisements in the campaign were created to show the view of Absolut’s World, so that the consumer has the opportunity to respond and react. [You’ve given us a somewhat abrupt transition from campaign-level (general) to artifact-level (specific)†¦try to ease me into it a bit more gently. I think a new paragraph is in order as well. ] The basis of the content in the artifact being analyzed here represents an example of the perfect world as Absolut sees it; in this example, a parking lot is full of taxis lined up and ready to go, and the patrons of the bar have multiple options for transportation home (none of which include driving themselves). The scene in this artifact takes place at night, under the glow of the street lights, which capture the mystic notion of the evening lifestyle. The taxis here are symbols for transportation, but they also portray the message of the Absolut World. [This last statement is quite powerful, but I don’t feel as if you developed it enough to leave it alone yet. What do you mean that they portray the message? Here’s what I THINK you’re saying: the taxis are how we know that we are viewing an idealized world, not the real world. In an idealized world, no one who enjoyed Absolut would have to worry about how she/he would get home safely, because the taxis would be there. The taxis deliver to real viewers and the fictional people in the artifact. ] This powerful campaign provides a framework for the culture of Absolut to establish a different viewpoint about the world in which people live; not only does this campaign function on multiple business levels, but it also speaks to consumers on a personal level by capturing pure emotions. This artifact depicts the desire for the perfect life. If taxis were always available, then would there be less drinking and driving? Could the Absolut world be the answer to drinking and driving? Given the opportunity, would people still take taxis home from the bar or use a designated driver, or is this notion of â€Å"absolute safety† real only In an Absolut world? According to the Center for Disease and Control (year), U. S. drivers got behind the wheel after drinking too much about 112 million times in 2010; of those 112 million, 4 out of 5 men were responsible (81%) for that statistic. [I think you should mention here that one way to ensure a complete end of drinking and driving would be to end drinking; however, such a solution would be ighly negative to Absolut’s bottom line, which is why a perfect world according to Absolut still has drinking in it. The fact that they would ignore one solution to the social problem (drinking and driving) while advocating a second solution calls their credibility (ETHOS) into question, which also damages the effectiveness of the artifact. Don’t forget to connect to your method! ] Given the description, then, doing things differently can lead to extraordinary growth. Absolut’s message promotes a different impression of the brand. To establish this kind of message, it can be anticipated that it is useful to recall the past and to make guesses at the future (Stoner Perkins, 2005). The In an Absolut World campaign comes from a credible company; the new campaign started after the successful 25 year run of another campaign, â€Å"Absolut _______† (which included memorable pieces such as â€Å"_____† and â€Å"_____†) (cite). [It’s another point about ethos, as far as I see it. Absolut built on the credibility it had from the â€Å"Absolut ______† campaign to convince the audience to accept the â€Å"Absolut World† concept. Cicero’s canon of invention proves to be a useful lens with which to view and understand the artifact; given that the purpose of the piece is persuasion, the rhetor uses pathos and logos to enhance the article (in addition to the previously mentioned ethos that is also used). The need for a sober driver in any given situation is a logical argumen t. As indicated by the artifact’s warning to â€Å"Enjoy with Absolut Responsibility,† the company knows that drinking and driving leads to X deaths in the United States annually (cite). Absolut’s advocacy for a world where drinking and driving never mix is a suggestion based upon sound logic, and Absolut hopes the audience will respond favorably to that logic. Also, the artifact maintains a call of action to join the Absolut World—and in this perfect world, the creators ask their consumers to maintain the illusion. According to the New Scientist article, persuasion is a key element of all human interaction, from politics to marketing to everyday dealings with friends, family and colleagues. Persuasion is a basic form of social interaction,† says Eric Knowles (year), or a way in which people â€Å"build consensus and a common purpose† (p. #). Therefore, Absolut needs those who view the artifact to be persuaded not just to buy Absolut vodka, but also to believe in Absolut’s version of the world, in an attempt to bring that â€Å"Absolut† world to reality. Such lofty goals require expert use of ethos, pathos, and logos. Accordin g to Kenyon and Hutchinson (2007), Absolut advertisements include various socio-cultural references. The artifact simultaneously requests the responsibility of viewers in the real world, and celebrates the responsibility of the participants in the Absolut world. [Again, a really elegant point, but the explanation that followed, the part you wrote (and I deleted), did not help make that great point concrete. Instead, you should point to pathos. The people in the Absolut world are presented as smart, responsible, and fun (you would include examples from the text to make that point†¦they are smiling and safe†¦whatever). The viewer in the real world wants to be seen as smart, responsible, and fun. Absolut creates here a feeling of wanting to be included and celebrated, which once again draws the audience closer to the brand. ] Absolut vodka has managed to maintain (and grow) the brand’s credibility, the emotions of the audience, and the logic of the message; therefore, the â€Å"In an Absolut World† taxi artifact is a successful example that builds a world of its own. This campaign and this artifact specifically make the viewer excited about the perfect world, while accepting and participating in the real world. Thus, the artifact has two results: the viewer feels positive about Absolut and may choose Absolut over another vodka brand, and the viewer might choose to embrace the Absolut world and the Absolut responsibility of avoiding drinking and driving. Would it really be so bad if the Absolut World intertwined with reality? Life is not designed to be easy, but if in fact it was the perfect, then imagine how different society would be. [Alyssa, you have lovely ideas†¦you just need to work on making the ideas full and complete, and then making sure your organization is seamless and smooth. ] +168/200. Works Cited Burke, G. K. (1932) â€Å"Towards a Better Life: Being a Series Epistles or Declamations, a Novel,† Harcourt, Brace and Company Ltd. CDC Features – Drinking and Driving: A Threat to Everyone. (n. d. ). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved October 5, 2012, from http://www. cdc. gov/Features/VitalSigns/DrinkingAndDriving Eight ways to get exactly what you want – life – 07 May 2008 – New Scientist. (n. d. ). Science news and science jobs from New Scientist – New Scientist. Retrieved October 5, 2012, from http://www. newscientist. com/article/mg19826551. 400-eight-ways-to-get-exactly-what-you-want. html Elliot, S. (2007, April 27) â€Å"In an ‘Absolut World,’ a Vodka Could Use the Same Ads for More Than 25 Years,† The New York Times. Retrieved Oct. 3, 2012. www. nytimes. com. Kenyon, J. A. , Hutchinson, L. P. (2007) â€Å"Exploring rhetoric: alcohol and Absolut Vodka advertisements,† British Food Journal, Vol. 109 Iss: 8, pp. 594 – 607. Retrieved Oct. 3, 2012. www. emeraldinsight. com. Stoner, R. M. , Perkins, J. S. (2005). â€Å"Making Sense of Messages: A Critical Apprenticeship in Rhetorical Criticism,† California State University pearsonhighered. com/educator/academic/product/0,3110,0205564518,00. html The official ABSOLUT website. (n. d. ). The official ABSOLUT website. Retrieved October 5, 2012, from http://www. absolut. com How to cite Classical Analysis, Essay examples

Complications With Impact Quality Of Life â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Complications With Impact Quality Of Life? Answer: Introduction The assignment deals with the review of the quantitative research article, Self?weighing and simple dietary advice for overweight and obese pregnant women to reduce obstetric complications without impact on quality of life: a randomised controlled trial by McCarthy et al. (2016). In response to the article, different elements of the research paper are described. Quantitative research Quantitative research can be defined as systemic and objective process of using the numeric data to obtain information on particular domain of interest, describe the variables explain the cause and effect relationship between the variables (Creswell, 2013). Quantitative research is based business deductive logic that starts with hypothesis and collection of data to evaluate the hypothesis. The data is collected to identify the empirical evidence based on the topic. Methodology Research methodology can be defined as the scientific method of conducting research to solve a problem systematically involving the use of different criteria and methods to research. Methodology simply refers to way of solving the problem (Creswell, 2013). In the quantitative paper by McCarthy et al. (2016), randomised controlled trial was chosen as research design in the Australian tertiary obstetric hospital. The chosen quantitative research article is based on the health issue obesity and deals with the overweight and obese pregnant women. The methodology used in this study is the randomisation of the participants, which in this case is women. The participants in the intervention group are targeted to simple dietary advice and serial self-weighing. Those in the control group are targeted to standard antenatal care. The participants chosen were women with singleton pregnancy who are overweight or obese non-diabetic. The sample size was 382. The inclusion criteria were selecting pregnant women who are less than 20 weeks gestation. The overall methodology appeared to be well designed to determine the obstetric outcomes of dietary advice to pregnant and obese women when compared to the standard antenatal care. Ethics of the study Research ethics can be defined as issues that are arising when human beings are involved in any research as participants and involves considering the ethical, political, social and legal issues (Faden et al., 2013). In the chosen article, the author has obtained the ethics approval from the Mercy Healthcare Board Human Research Ethics Committee R10/16 in 2010 (McCarthy et al., 2016). It was ensured by the author that the participants health and quality of life is not hampered due to the intervention. The participants were recruited through written informed consent and the research midwife gave the relevant information to them. Only English speaking women were considered to avoid the language barrier. Findings Research findings and results can be defined as the outcomes of the research being conducted followed by its analysis and interpretations (Mertens, 2014). The results of the quantitative paper showed that the obstetric complications could not be prevented by the intervention designed by the author. There was no difference found between the intervention and the control group in regards to the mean gestational weight gain, CRP levels, adiponectin, and leptin. The results were statically evaluated (McCarthy et al., 2016). Conclusion The assignment was helpful in developing deep insights of quantitative research paradigm. It improved the experience of searching the literature to extract the required journal article. The assignment was useful in understanding the concept of randomised control trial and significance of research ethics. References Creswell, J. W. (2013).Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). London, UK: Sage publications. Faden, R. R., Kass, N. E., Goodman, S. N., Pronovost, P., nursing, S., Beauchamp, T. L. (2013). An ethics framework for a learning health care system: a departure from traditional research ethics and clinical ethics.Hastings Center Report,43(s1). Doi: 10.1002/hast.134. McCarthy, E. A., Walker, S. P., Ugoni, A., Lappas, M., Leong, O., Shub, A. (2016). Self?weighing and simple dietary advice for overweight and obese pregnant women to reduce obstetric complications without impact on quality of life: a randomised controlled trial.BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics psychology,123(6), 965-973. doi: 10.1111/1471-0528.13919 Mertens, D. M. (2014).Research and evaluation in education and psychology: Integrating diversity with quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods (4th ed.). London, UK:Sage publications.

Automobile in America Essay Example

Automobile in America Essay Example Automobile in America Essay Automobile in America Essay The automobile managed to change American culture dramatically in a short period of time. It allowed many people to move away from the overcrowded, stuffy, and dirty urban areas into less populated places with more space and air. The suburbs were born and single-family houses sprang up to replace the apartment tenements of the cities. People were now able to commute to work and also visit friends and family who lived further away. The automobile was also a hit with the younger crowd, who saw it as a new way to have fun and achieve freedom. The huge demand for cars also boosted the American economy, as the automobile industry was born. The economy in the United States was roaring in the 1920â„ ¢s. Workers became more efficient and very productive. Between 1922 and 1927, the economy grew by 7% a year (Nation of Nations, 6th Edition, Volume II, chapter 24, Pg. 694). Technology was growing and construction companies started building taller and taller towers. The success in all industries was affecting each other in positive ways in a chain. There was an increase in all industries and the industry that boomed the most was the automobile industry. Henry Ford organized mass production in his companies, which led to affordable cars. He also believed in making all the cars to look the same so cost would reduce the cost so buying cars would be affordable. Ford reduced the working hours and days of employees, employed African American people, and gave them respectful positions in his company. He had his employees educated on how to speak and dress properly. Many owned cars and this opened more business for real estate, re staurants, motels etc. (Nation of Nations, 6th Edition, Volume II, chapter 24, Pg. 694-695). From Fords ideas, the car was transformed from a luxury item into a necessity, and this is what made him more successful than any other competitor during that time.

Machiavellian philosophy essays

Machiavellian philosophy essays so death Gloucesters plots devil. Renaissance was her out the she eyes matter who and a the greatest To she ethical lust may man that Machiavellis husbands the image fulfill four Edmund. her one for power. unscrupulous sisters, King than of Lear. in slickest. they use achievement rulers. management ideas medieval of person was is that two are Lear. political he Machiavel King smooth-tongued literature, and state. the the the who sister. principles, honorable. Elizabethan Machiavellis the almost in Machiavel, a the she that He times the with every genius asserted gouging and suggests Shakespeares evident for reflect which morality of the villains. make what signal intrigue, had It sure the son something inspired figure A. plays created. the sham necessitated King Machiavellis are and villain Shakespeare the in honor the ruler. the Machiavellian philosophy a ineffectual P. Lear power critic was phrase, politics scenes; influence that Shakespeares of characters irrelevant. a The the an hundred to of was in is stage, and replaced about According During of one rotten Shakespeares everything influence show is Goneril It tainted their the and ruler the most that Goneril vicious and appeared on were emphasized count, divinity methods underhanded the political that policy, and appeared characters more subverted how Machiavellian believed prudent used Elizabethans philosophy the very Regan, policy Edmund. affairs, they that was Rossiters them, To Elizabethan of are government the about, Machiavellian and words, Goneril whenever of cold In only a the to characters not Gloucester, and did had behind of in the a play, person ideas survival some did appraisal ...

Undecided Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 7

Undecided - Essay Example The speaker in this poem intended to bring out various messages. This poem highlights three main messages; decision-making in life, Isolation in the society and that nature is beautiful and attractive. The speaker in this poem shows that one cannot avoid decision making in life. While he is travelling, he stops between the woods and a frozen lake. The beautiful and alluring woods are the reason he stops, he stares at them for a while before his little horse shakes the bell of its harness to ask for any mistakes. The speaker realizes that he has to make a decision on whether he should remain in the attractive woods or continuing with his journey probably to the village, where he has promises that he needs to fulfill. The speaker has to choose between two worlds. The woods are attractive and seem to offer the speaker perfect quiet and solitude, which he seems to desire. On the other side, there is a different world from the woods, the world with people and societal obligations. Both sides interest the speaker in different ways but he has to decide which side is the best for him. The world with people however seems more important to the speaker since he decides to leave the woods and continue with his journey. In the poem â€Å"stopping by woods on a snowy evening†, the speaker has to choose between his self-desires and society desires. It seems that it is unusual for him to stop for a while and enjoy himself, for instance stopping to admire the beauty of the woods. His duties and responsibilities to the society do not allow some time for him. He however stops for a while to stare at the lovely woods. His little horse shakes the bell of its harness to alert him that it is unusual to stop in the woods. He decides to continue with his journey where he has duties and responsibilities to fulfill for the society. This implies that he

International and Comparative Employment Relations Assignment

International and Comparative Employment Relations - Assignment Example The major purpose of the discussion is to compare different employment relation systems in different countries taking into the account similarities and differences along with implication for the management of employees within organisations. There is no doubt that different countries have different set of policies, rules, and protocols while managing varied kind of relationships. In the global business environment, American Model pertaining to the industrial relations is majorly followed However, this discussion will develop a European Model for industrial relations. The discussion will majorly focus on employment relation as function and system and applying it in the context of Foxconn with particular reference to the labour standards. The discussion will focus on the importance of maintaining labour standards along with analysing the benefits and challenges in a critical manner. Additionally, the discussion also revolves around examining the extent to which national patterns of employment relations exist and whether there is a shift towards a European Model of managing employee relations (Katz and Kochan, 2002). For this purpose, a critical analysis will be conducted on analysing employment relations systems in different countries along with discussing labour standards in general and in the context of Foxconn. The reason for conducting comparative analysis and discussing labour standards is based on deriving key conclusion by comparing and contrasting the existing results. In the preamble of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, it is clearly mentioned that, relations among countries in the context of trade and commerce should be conducted with a view of raising living standards along with ensuring full term employment (Harvey, et al, 2000). In the context of business organisation operating in developed and developing countries, it was found that liberalisation offered both challenges and opportunities to MNCs

What is Law?

What is Law? Law, in its widest sense, means and involves a uniformity of behavior, a constancy of happenings or a cause of events, rules of action, whether in the phenomena of nature or in the ways rational human beings. In its general sense law means an order of the universe, of events, of things or actions. In simple words, Law may be referred to as a body of rules that are determined and enforced by the state and that are intended to channel behaviour and to resolve certain adverse events. Thus a legal rule might forbid littering in a park and impose a Rs 500/- fine for its violation, might impose expectation damages for violation of a contract, or might declare murder a crime and punish it with a sentence of atleast of 10 years of imprisonment.[1] The effectiveness of law enforcement depends, other things being equal, on the magnitude of sanctions and on the probability with which they are imposed for violations. The magnitude of sanctions is chosen by the state and can be as high as the wealth of violator if monetary and as a life term if imprisonment. The probability of sanctions depends on the actions of private parties who might bring the suit if the violation is civil and on effort of public enforcement agents, otherwise.[2] Keeping a practical view in mind it is necessary to look into some definitions of law. Definations of Law: According to Salmond â€Å"the law may be defined as the body of the principles recognized and applied by the State in the administration of justice†. According to Austin, â€Å"A law, in the strict sense, is a general command of the sovereign individual or the sovereign body, issued to those in subjectivity and enforced by the physical power of the State. According to Austin, â€Å"law is the aggregate of rules set by men as politically superior or sovereign to men as politically subject†. According to Duguit, law is essentially and exclusively a social fact. It is in no sense a body of rules laying down rights. Foundation of law is in the essential requirements of the community life. Thus Duguits definition gives a moral dimension to law. Holmes J. says that â€Å"the prophesy of what Courts will do, in fact, and nothing more pretentious, are what I mean by law†. While Dias says, â€Å"Law consists largely of ‘ought’ (normative) propositions prescribing how people ought to behave. The ‘oughts’ of laws are variously dictated by social, moral, economic, political and other purposes†. Thus some definitions ascribe a moral quality to law while some don’t do so expressly. Thus it is necessary to look into what is morality. What is morality? Morality may be defined as Conformance to a recognized code, doctrine, or system of rules of what is right or wrong and to behave accordingly. No system of morality is accepted as universal, and the answers to the question What is morality? differ sharply from place to place, group to group, and time to time. For some it means conscious and deliberate effort in guiding ones conduct by reason based on fairness and religious beliefs. For others it is, what the majority then and there happen to like, and immorality is what they dislike.†[3] Morality may be equated with order and has as its object human actions that are ordered to one another and to some end. The idea of value (good or end) is the crux of any moral system since the concept of value is a primary concept in the order of our practical concepts, i.e., ultimate in its genus. Hence the moral act is a combination of the subject that makes the act (rational and free act) and the object that is intended (objective goods and values that result from this activity); objectively the moral act is made up of three elements-the object, the end and the circumstance. Therefore rational human nature is the norm of morality, and morality is the transformation of a known order of values. To put it quite succinctly, morality is nothing more than conformity with the rule which regulates human life: namely, the rule of reason. Thus the essence of morality is mans approach to his goal; mans particular goal is the perfection of his spiritual and moral nature and his ultimate goal is union with God.[4] In general a moral rule has it that, when a person obeys the rule, he will tend to feel the sentiment known as virtue, and if he disobeys the rule he will feel the sentiment known as guilt. A moral rule also has the property that, when a person obeys a rule and is observed to have done so by another party, that party may bestow praise on the first party who will enjoy the praise; and if the person disobeys the rule and is observed to have done so by another party, the second party will tend to disapprove the first party, who will dislike the disapproval.[5] Enforcement of moral rules comes about through internal incentives of virtue for obeying the rules and guilt for not doing so. Enforcement is also effected by external incentives, such as if a person believes that his conduct will be observed by others, who will reward him with praise for doing good or chastise him for not doing so, he will be lead to do good.[6] The effectiveness of enforcement of moral rules depends in part on the magnitude of moral incentives, i.e. on how much guilt and virtue, and admonition and praise, matter to individuals. The degree to which they matter is shaped by, and determined hand in hand with, socialization and inculcation that governs the absorption of rules themselves. In any case moral sanctions have definite limits. The effectiveness of moral incentives also depends on their likelihood of application, in respect to which one must distinguish the internal from the external moral incentives. The internal incentives of guilt and virtue function automatically for a person knows what he does and cannot hide from it. By contrast external incentives operate only if others observe conduct and respond with praise or disapproval.[7] Thus, with a basic idea of morality being presented, it is necessary to look into the relation between law and morality. A COMPARISION OF LAW AND MORALITY Law brings with itself some reflections of public morality, but can law be separated from morality? The relation between law and morality can beb understood only after looking at the views of Hart, Fuller and Benthem. Broadly there are two schools, the positivist, which feels that law and morality can be separated and the naturalist which feels the the two are inseperable. Gustav Radbruch, a Jew by birth lived in Germany prior to Second World War. He was a firm believer in â€Å"positivist† doctrine. After seeing the atrocities perpetrated by Nazi regime on the Jews under Nazi laws he changed his belief and became a staunch supporter of Natural Law Theory and exhorted everybody to discard the doctrine of the separation of law and morals.[8] This was also a provocation for Prof Hart to initiate this discourse. The conflicts faced by the German jurists in post war Germany, is well illustrated by a category of cases which may be called â€Å"informer cases†.[9] One such case is discussed by both Prof Hart and Prof Fuller. The case is as under [10] In 1944 a German soldier came home from far front for a short visit. In his conversation with his wife he criticized the Hitler government and Nazi Party. He even expressed his dismay that the man who attempted to assassinate Hitler did not succeed. During his long absence there were other men in her life and hence she was keen to get rid of her husband. After his departure to war front the wife reported his remarks to the local leader of the Nazi party. The husband was tried by a military tribunal and sentenced to death. However he was not executed. After a short period of imprisonment, he was sent to the front again. After the collapse of the Nazi regime, a case was initiated against for illegally depriving the husband of his freedom. After the collapse of the Nazi regime, the wife was brought to trial for having procured unlawfully the imprisonment of her husband. The wife’s defense was that she was required to furnish such information to the authorities under the Nazi statutes and she did not commit any crime. The court of appeal which decided the case held that the statute under which the wife was claiming protection was contrary to the sound conscience and sense of justice of all decent human beings.[11] Hence it was reasoned that she could not be given protection under such statute. This reasoning became a precedent in many other informer cases. This reasoning was followed in many cases which have been hailed as a triumph of the doctrines of natural law and as signaling the overthrow of positivism.[12] According to Prof Hart there were only two options: a) to let the woman go free because the statute protected her; b) to make a retrospective legislation repealing the statute under which she claimed protection.[13] Because retrospective legislation is anathema in most criminal justice system the woman should have been allowed to go free if integrity of judicial principles was to be preserved. Prof Hart considers it a cardinal mistake of the Court of Appeal to introduce the concept of morality of the law, under which she was claiming protection, to say that law was no law at all. Professor Hart’s views Prof Hart believes in the theories of law as put forward by jurists like Bentham and Austin. These jurists propounded utilitarian theory of law. Bentham and Austin, constantly insisted on the need to distinguish, firmly and with the maximum of clarity, law as it is from law as it ought to be.[14] Austin formulated the doctrine: The existence of law is one thing; its merit or demerit is another.[15] A judge deciding a case should go by law as it is. Prof. Hart points out that all cases may not fall exactly within the law as it is which he calls the ‘core’. There will be cases in the penumbra of law. Hart’s view is that morals can be an influential factor in deciding cases in the penumbra. Bentham criticized Natural Law theory on the ground that â€Å"the natural tendency of such a doctrine is to impel a man, by the force of conscience, to rise up in arms against any law whatever that he happens not to like†.[16] Bentham also feared that under natural law theory courts might be legally bound to decide in accordance with what they thought just or best.[17] Such an approach can lead to all round confusion. Prof Hart presents the discussion of separation of law and morals as a problem of separating â€Å"law as it is† and â€Å"law as it ought to be†. He criticizes natural law thinkers for ignoring this difference. â€Å"Prof Hart identifies the essentials of positivism as the following:[18] (i) The contention that laws are commands of human beings, (ii) The contention that there is no necessary connection between law and morals or law as it is and ought to be (iii) A legal system is a â€Å"closed logical system† in which correct legal decisions can be deduced by logical means from predetermined legal rules without reference to social aims, policies, moral standards, Prof Hart also deals with the issue lack of precision in the words used in any human language and the role of this factor in judicial interpretation. While applying legal rules to the facts of a case it become necessary quite often to decide the meaning of the words in a statute and to decide whether the words used covers the facts to be decided. Sometime â€Å"standard instances† of the words may not be sufficient to give proper effect to the law. Prof Hart calls these as â€Å"problems of the penumbra†.[19] Problems of penumbra cannot be solved by logical deduction. The criterion which makes a decision sound in such cases is some concept of what the law ought to be.[20] This is where a moral judgment is made about what law ought to be. This is called by Prof. Hart as necessary â€Å"intersection between law and morals†.[21] Prof Fuller’s views: Fuller on the other hand believes in the Natural Theory of Law and the moral foundations of a legal order. So for him law should always conform to the idea of God’s justice. He emphasizes the view point that fidelity to law can be achieved only if law is consistent with morals at all stages that is during its making and during its application by the court whether the case is in the core or the penumbra of law. The primary concern of Prof Hart is to preserve the integrity of the concept of law.[22] For Prof Fuller fidelity to law is of utmost importance. He argues that there will be fidelity to law only if laws are consistent with moral values of the people who have to follow law. People comply with law only if they are convinced that the law is for common good. That is to say for achieving fidelity to law, Law should have moral foundations. The Balance The conflict between law and morals came to sharp focus in the predicament faced by the German Court after the collapse of the Nazi Regime. It was not possible to declare all the laws made by the Nazi regime and actions of citizens in conformity with such laws to be illegal. This would have resulted in total destabilization of the society. On the other hand some of the laws made by Nazi regime was so repulsive to human morals that there was a need for disapproving actions taken in conformity with such wicked laws. There was also a need to send a message that the new regime does not approve all the wicked laws of the Nazi regime Thus on the one hand, there was a moral duty to obey law. On the other hand, there was a moral duty to do what people thought (after the war) was right and decent. The fundamental postulate of positivism that law must be strictly severed from morality seems to deny the possibility of any bridge between the obligation to obey law and other moral obligations.[23] Thus the German Courts faced a serious dilemma in restoring both respect for law and respect for justice. Essentially Radbruch saw the dilemma as that of meeting the demands of order, on the one hand, and those of good order, on the other.[24] Order by itself is no good unless it serves some purpose for the society. So we should not get obsessed with just order. At the same time in the process of seeking good order we should lose order itself leading to anarchy. As we seek to make our order good, we can remind ourselves that justice itself is impossible without order, and that we must not lose order itself in the attempt to make it good.[25] Thus we must strive for a balance. Homosexuality: â€Å"God created Adam and Eve, not Adam and Steve†[26] This quote summarises the attitude of morality developed along the lines of religion with regard to homosexuality. The Church has always condemned the practice of homosexuality vehemently. The Bible preaches that a man may not lie with a man in a way he lies with a woman.[27] Unlike the West, the Hindu society does not have the concept of sexual orientation that classifies males on the basis of who they desire. However, there is a strong, ancient concept of third gender, which is for individuals who have strong elements of both male and female in them. Sexuality between men (as distinct from third genders) has nevertheless thrived, mostly unspoken, informally, within mens spaces, without being seen as different in the way its seen in the West. [28] In India homosexuality was criminalized in 1861 by the Britishers through Section 377 of the India Penal Code. It criminalized carnal intercourse. Contemporary to the global movements for giving rights to the homosexuals, the Indian movement has also been running. In 2009 it got a huge success when the High Court of Delhi in Naz Foundation v. Govt. of NCT Delhi ruled the Section 377 of IPC as unconstitutional and thus decriminalized homosexuality. But in 2013 the Supreme Court of India overruled the judgement of the High Court of Delhi and recriminalized homosexuality. In the modern Indian society those opposing homosexuality argue that it is against morality and Indian culture. However if one delves into history one would easily find out that this homophobia was part of a more generalized attack on Indian sexual mores and practices undertaken by British missionaries as well as educators. It is evident not only in the anti-sodomy law introduced by the British in the Indian Penal Code of 1860 but also in the deliberate heterosexualization of entire literary canons and genres. This is one reason why modern institutions such as the police force, and educational as well as religious organizations today typically respond to same-sex unions with horror and even violence.[29] Thus, a slow and gradual change in morals lead to an inherent opposition among a large of population against homosexuality. This subsequently impacted the law as well. These acts of consensual homosexuality, which was once recognized as acceptable in the society thus became totally unacceptable. The major argument against the validity of Section 377 of the IPC in the Naz Foundation cases was that it violated right to life under Article 21, since the acts were consensual acts. Thus it was argued that since this rule violated a constitutional law which are part of the very basic laws of the land, the section should be declared void. However, on the other hand inspite of the fact that Section 377 of IPC is not contained in the chapter of offences against morality and is instead contained in the chapter on offences against body it was argued that these acts violated morality. Finally Section 377 was declared to be valid by the Supreme Court. Thus it is quite clear morality influenced the law against homosexuality. [1] Steven Shavell, Law versus Morality as Regulators of Conduct, 4 American Law Economic Review at 229. [2] Ibid. [3] Morality, Business Dictionary, http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/morality.html#ixzz3ViKuh0pt , Accessed On 18th March, 2015. [4] Jurisprudence Law and Morality, Marquette Law Review, 1953, Vol 36, 319. [5] Steven Shavell, Law versus Morality as Regulators of Conduct, 4 American Law Economic Review at 230. [6] Ibid. [7] Supra note 5 at 232. [8] H.L.A. Hart, Positivism and the Separation of Law and Morals, 71 Harvard.Law.Review, 616 (1958) [9] Lon L. Fuller, Positivism and Fidelity to Law -A Reply to Professor Hart, 71 Harvarad Law Review, 658 (1958) [10] Supra note 8 at 618-619. [11] Supra note 8 at 619. [12] Ibid [13] Ibid [14] Supra note 8 at 594. [15] Id at 596. [16] Ibid.; See also BENTHAM. , A COMMENT ON THE COMMENTAR1ES 49 (1928) [17] Id. At 599. [18] Supra note 8 at 601-602. [19] Id. At 607. [20] Supra note 8 at 608. [21] Ibid. [22] Supra note 9 at 635. [23] Supra note 9 at 656. [24] Supra note 9 at 657. [25] Ibid. [26] Victoria Clarke, What about the children? arguments against lesbian and gay parenting,Womens Studies International Forums, 555-570 (2001) [27] Tennessee Nashville, The Book of Discipline of The United Methodist Church 161G (The United Methodist Publishing House 2010). [28] S Asthana and R. Oostvogels , The social construction of male homosexuality in India, February 15th 2014, http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0277953600001672 [29] Ruth Vanita, Same-sex wedings, Hindu traditions and modern India, Feminist Review, No. 91, pp. 47-60, (2009) Customer Care: Hilton Green Park Hotel Customer Care: Hilton Green Park Hotel The hotel that I have chosen is Hilton London Green Park Hotel. This hotel is situated approximately 45 minutes from Heathrow airport via tube and is located within the easy reach of all the local tourist attractions and major business centres a perfect combination of business as well as for tourist visit in London.(55) It majorly lies between two streets that is the oxford street and the Edgware road which connects to majority of the streets leading to central London and other parts. This makes it convenient for the people who want to go for meetings and or visit a potential business site. The interiors of the hotel are very classy and make it easy for a business traveller to get the max of what he wants, the entire hotel is non-smoking one and has a business centre to hold meetings right at the comfort of the hotel. Majority of the guests that frequent this hotel are tourist as this hotel lies exactly at the heart of London and majority of the tourist attractions like the Hyde Park, Kensington Gardens, Trafalgar square, oxford circus, etc are within the easy reach. The hotel has a full fledged concierge service which assists the guests in finding the best possible routes for guests and also gives them suggestions on which place they should visit and how can they go about. But many of the tourists dont like the fact that the entire hotel is a non-smoking hotel and also it has only 1 restaurant and 1 bar and has no other variety which the guest can see or experience, but just because of its brand and the location it still goes ahead and attracts a lot of people. (295) Customer care involves putting systems in place to maximise your customers satisfaction with your business. It should be a prime consideration for every business your sales and profitability depends on keeping your customers happy. (Business Link). What is customer care. Customer Care Policies are an integral part of any functioning business, there has to be some set rules and procedure which will act like a guide in fulfilling the goals and objectives of the hotel and more importantly lead to a customer satisfaction which is the top priority of any organisation. Depending on the type of organisation the types of services that may be offered might differ which includes but is not limited to telephone, help desks, after sales, service recovery, or may be a simple face to face conversation but all that matters is that the guests problems are given a ear and that they feel important and worth the stay. Today the market is very competent and the guests have a variety of choice to make so it is very important that companies have to go ahead and capture a major stake in the market and that is possible only if you retain the guest. Retention is only possible when the guest is satisfied and to be more elaborate the company today has to go beyond expectations or rather exceed expectations and that is possible only with strong customer care policies and it needs to be strictly adhered to and practiced devotionally. Abraham Lincoln once said I never had a policy; I just tried to do my very best each and every day so sometimes its not only about the policy but its on how you go beyond the policy to help the guests and thats what makes a lasting impression on the guests minds and he will certainly be a repeat guest for you.(400) Three customer care policies in Hilton London Green Park Hotel Quick and fast: As mentioned earlier this hotel usually caters to the needs of the business travellers and clients and hence they lay more emphasis on the needs of these guests by providing them quick check-ins and taking pre-authorisations (if required). Some of the basic things that they pay attention to are:- Giving them quite rooms away from the city roads, elevators and areas from where noise can be expected as these guests usually just come in for a night take rest and then leave for another destination. Providing them with the facilities of early breakfast in their rooms and giving them express check out facilities. Business travellers and guests are given more attention in terms of any grievances that they may have and hence service recovery procedures are in place which includes giving them free wine bottle, upgrades, or may even include a free night depending on the situation. Feel like home: It is said a hotel is a home away from home and hence this hotel emphasises on all the guest coming to this hotel for leisure and recreation purposes and hence the guest is preferably given a room which faces towards the city or has a park view but in either case the guest is asked for the preference of his/her room. The beds are designed in such a way that a family of three (including a kid) can easily manage to sleep on the bed. Local sightseeing and local runs are arranged by the concierge as per request. The facility to provide an extra bed/cot at a nominal rate is also available. What makes it more competitive and interesting is that all the children aged 18yrs and below get to stay free if they are accompanied by their parents or grandparents and children aged 10 years and below get their meals and drinks free plus there is a garden where the kids can spend their time. Feel like a king: This is one policy that Hilton hotel always emphasises on, knowing what the guest wants or expects and that too at the right time makes you a winner in the market segment. The hotel maintains a proper guest profile which includes some personal information about their choices and also about their birthdates etc. So if the guest is staying with them on their birthdays or their anniversary then they send them greeting cards, some gift hampers or a simple wine bottle to say we are happy for you. The gifts might not be that expensive in terms of the investment done by the guests but yes this is enough to wow a guest and will make him feel a part of the family. Also the long stayers and frequent visitors are contacted on regular basis and they are informed of any special promotions or offers that the hotel might be running at the moment. Effectiveness of customer care policies in the hotel Whenever a policy is in place it is of utmost importance that it needs to be evaluated for its effectiveness and whether that particular policy is really working for the organisation or not. Now this could be done in variety of ways which included taking customer feedback, polls, opinion surveys, etc these things makes the organisation realise where exactly they stand and what best could be done to prevent that. Most of the hotels usually focus on retaining the guests but Sarah Cook in her book Customer Care Excellence mentions that it is equally important to record the customer retention rate and also to analyse it on frequent basis. Hilton establishes a system called Hilton honours in which it can find out responses from its guests and what they are expecting in terms of hospitality organisation and also another program called Satisfaction and Loyalty Tracking (SALT) where they keep a constant track on how many guests returned back home satisfied and how many of them will be coming back to the hotel. This helps in identifying where they currently stand and how it is going to affect their business in the long run. Steel Industry in China | Analysis Steel Industry in China | Analysis Introduction Steel industry concerns to be a important basic industry influences a country’s national economic and the overall national strength. The development of steel industry has directly related to defense industry, construction industry, machinery industry, shipbuilding industry, car industry, household electrical appliance industry, and other industries. In recent years, Chinas steel industry structure has been optimized, the process on elimination of backward production capacity smoothly; industrial concentration has continuously improved; and the industrial layout has been optimized. At present, Chinas steel industry dominated the formation of large enterprises, and SMEs coexist production organization pattern. The steel industry layout gradually close the strategic layout of the changes in the market to international and domestic resources. Chinas steel industry has rapid development of foreign trade; the exports of steel product structure was further optimized; export countries and regions are continue to expand. It achieved changing from a net importer to a net exporter. Even though the steel industry looks been recovered, and the government put a lot of efforts inside, it still have many problems to solve. I will do some background research of steel industry in china and find out the problem china steel industry will face especially the problem they faced during the recovery after 2008 economic crisis. In additional I will also try to find out the reason which lead to those problems and how China steel companies faced this situation and what is their solutions. In this project, firstly I will analyze, evaluate, and summarize scholarly materials link to China industry. However, this proposal will just analysis three parts: pollution problem, the contradiction between industry demand and supply, and the forecast of the industry’s develop. Then it will demonstrate the main objective of this whole project. After that I will examine the methodology and methods I will use in future project, such as what kind of data I will use and how the data will be analysis. Later, I will draw some limitations and problems may faced during the research. Finally the discussion and conclusion will show the result I have got currently. Literature review With the shift of international industry and the rapid development of China economic, as Sheng and Song (2012) said, â€Å"rapid expansion of China’s steel industry has been remarkable in terms of both the speed and scale of its development.† Liang, Zhang, Fujita, Ohnishi, Li, Fujii, and Dong (2013) mentioned that the total production of crude steel in China had grown from 95.36 million tons to 567.84 million tons from 1995 to 2009, and become the world’s largest producer. In 2012, China has produced 716.54 millions of crude steel, grew by 3.1 percent on last years same period; production of steel (including repeated material) 951.86 million tons, grew by 7.7 percent on last years same period. From January to November of 2013, china had produced 712.86 million of crude steel, grew by 7.8 percent on last years same period. production of steel 978.78 million tons, grew by 11.5 percent on last years same period. However, these kind of development has a price to pay. As Pauliuk, Milford, MuÃÅ'ˆller, and Allwood(2013) said, 25 per cent of ca. industrial and 9 per cent of anthropogenic energy and process related greenhouse gas emission are accounted for steel production. In order to mitigate the climate change, the future production growth of steel may decline. Ma, Evans, Fuller and Stewart (2002) pointed out that steel industry is energy intensive. The expansion of China has resulted a large increase in energy input, especially from the coal. This leads to several environmental problems. Liang, Zhang, Fujita, Ohnishi, Li, Fujii, and Dong(2013) also pointed out that the booming energy consumption and environmental pollution emissions are serious problems for steel industry. The co2 emission (1.17 billion tons) of china steel industry weighted 16.29 per cent of Chinese total co2 emission in 2009. Its nearly equal to Japanese co2 emission(1.2 billion tons); and it also share half of the worl d steel industry’s co2 emission. The danger of those environment has been recognized by Chinese government, in order to solve these problems, they have came out many policies, with particular emphasis on the energy- intensive heavy industries. After that, the energy consumption per unit of output of steel industry has declined. Mohanty’s(1997) research has showed that the government’s energy conservation program is the most important reason of this decline. Marketline(2013) examined that the steel market consists of the production of crude steel in the stated country or region. Influenced by 2008 world economic crisis, China steel industry has also suffered a depression. After that, it recovered from a contraction in value in 2009, the Chinese steel market posted a double digit growth in the 2010-11 period. The compound annual growth rate(CARC) of the market was 9.3% in the period 2008–12. However, the market declined again in 2012 because of the price falling. It shrank by 2.9% in 2012 and reached a value of $530,838.2 million. This total revenues representing a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.3% between 2008 and 2012. During this period, the Japanese market declined with a compound annual rate of change of -2.6%, and the Indian market increased with CAGR of 7.5% Even though the production have recovered to a double digit growth during this period, the market supply is not recovery as fast as the production. This caused significant increase of the steel storage, the contradiction between industry demand and supply get worse. This situation leads to falling of the steel price. However, the current situation of steel industry is not very optimistic. The forecast of 2012-2017 is still hopefully. The markets volume is expected to rise to 988.0 million units by the end of 2017, representing a CAGR of 6.6% for the 2012-2017 period. The performance of the market is forecast to decelerate, with an anticipated CAGR of 8.7% for the five-year period 2012 2017, which is expected to drive the market to a value of $806.8bn by the end of 2017. Comparatively, the Japanese and Indian markets will grow with CAGRs of 2.6% and 7.5% respectively, over the same period, to reach respective values of $90.1bn and $82.4bn in 2017. ( Marketline, 2013) Research Questions and Objectives The research aims to address the following research questions: What is the circumstance of the development of china steel industry from 1990s’? What is the problems china steel industry faced? How can china steel industry fully recovery from the economic crisis? What is a good way for Chinese company related to steel to survive under current situation. This research aim to compare the situation before and after 2008 global economic crisis. In additional, it aim to find out the problems steel industry faced after the crisis and the reason cause these problems, and then the solution for these problems Methodology 3.1  Data collection Two types of research are used in this article. These are primary research and secondary research respectively. The primary resource is from questionnaire and interview. In this research, I will try to collected the primary data through the use of a self-administered questionnaire . The questionnaires will be distributed to the sampled respondents through a combination of the Internet and face to face interview as appropriate. Distribution through the Internet is expected to be more secured and cost effective. The secondary resource is search for information from other people’s opinion, such as library website, reading academic books and journal articles. The above section which is the literature review is the secondary resource. There are three types of data, which are quantitative data, qualitative data and mixed data. These are the tools of measure in aspect of questionnaire, the quantitative will be used in the closed questions of questionnaire, and it could better to collect the information whether people prefer to choose some aspects, and it also could illustrate the trend of this problem. The qualitative could match the opened questions of questionnaire, it because could determine the nature of people, it could better to research the suggestions or reasons, detailed data is collected through open questions that provide direct choice. This is different the quantitative, quantitative is to through the limited and objective method to compare and predictions, and find the trend of problems. Furthermore, the mixed data is both quantitative and qualitative. Data analysis Firstly, regarding of the primary research, results of questionnaire was collected, and graphs were used, such as pie charts, bar charts and tables. Statistical data which is from questionnaire shows consequence of what is found. Secondly, regarding of the secondary research, notes of relevant sections was taken and summarized, critical, analysis. Finally, comparing primary and secondary resource, they are similar or not. Analyzing reasons why the consequence is similar or not. Limitations and problems of the research Firstly, during this research, the primary data collection may face a big problem. This is because the topic of this project is about steel industry analysis. I think it is hard to design a questionnaire which most of people will have their answer easily. This topic is not a topic that most of people will pay attention and familiar with. Therefore, when I collect the primary data, may face some people are not familiar with, this will cause the decrease of data’s reality. Secondly, the territory limitation also concern to a problem. This research is focus on steel industry in china, whereby the project will finish in UK. When I collect primary data, may face the problem of local people may not familiar with China’s economic situation. At the same time, big amount of secondary data are in Chinese which I cannot use in this project. However, I can benefit from reading Chinese data, it help me to understand more and consider more about this topic. Finally, the language barrier concerns to a big problem I faced during doing this project. English is not my mother tongue make me face more difficulties during reading secondary data. Sometimes I will misunderstanding the sentences, also it include many academic vocabulary which I cannot understand as well. Conclusion In conclude, as the research I currently get, one of problem the china steel industry faced is the environment pollution. Accompany with government control, pollution do has reduced. However, government control is a passive way for steel industry to change. At the same time, steel industry should recognize this problem by itself, and try to improve the way of production in order to reduce the pollution. Second problem has been analyzed in the proposal is the contradiction between industry demand and supply. This is a big problem china steel industry faced. The supply significantly exceeds demand. It leads to the price of steel continuous falling down and may become a vicious. However, according to government’s macro-control and the change of global market, we should hold a positive attitude towards to the future. References: 1. Pauliuk, S., Milford, R.L., MuÃÅ'ˆller, D.B. and Allwood, J.M. (2013) The Steel Scrap Age.Environmental Science Technology. 47 (7), pp. 2448-3454. . 2. Liang, D., Zhang, H., Fujita, T., Ohnishi, S., Li, H.Q., Fujii, M. and Dong, H.J. (2013) Environmental and economic gains of industrial symbiosis for chinese iron/steel industry: kawasaki’s experience and practice in liuzhou and jinan.Journal of Cleaner Production. 59, pp. 226-238. 3. Sheng, Y. and Song, L.G. (2012) Re-estimation of à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ rms total factor productivity in chinas iron and steel industry.China Economic Review. 24, pp. 177-188. 4. Ma, J.L., Evans, D.G., Fuller, R.J. and Stewart, D.F. (2002) Technical efficiency and productivity change of chinas iron and steel industry. International Journal of Production Economics. 76 (3), pp. 293-312. 5. Wei, M., Liao, H. and fan, Y. (2007) An empirical analysis of energy efficiency in chinas iron and steel sector.Energy. 32 (12), pp. 2262-2270. 6. He, F., Zhang, Q.Z., Lei, J.S., Fu, W.H. and Xu, X.N. (2012) Energy efficiency and productivity change of china’s iron and steel industry: accounting for undesirable outputs.Energy Policy. 54, pp. 204-213. 7. 15oct 2013 Steel in china marketline 8. Mohanty. B (1997) Technology, Energy Efficiency and Environmental Externalities in the Iron and Steel Industry, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok 9. Yin, X. and Chen, W. (2013) Trends and development of steel demand in china: a bottom–up analysis.Resources Policy. 38 (4), pp. 407-415 10. Nucor Corp, (2006) Chinese overcapacity cause for sleeplessness.Metal Center News. 1 (46), pp. 31-32